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Medway BESS PresentationBattery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) Best Practices for Medway Wednesday, February 16, 2022 Medway Planning and Economic Development Board BESS Best Practices Overview of Tonight’s Meeting This is a meeting of 3 Town of Medway boards or committees – Planning and Economic Development Board (PEDB), Select Board, and the Energy and Sustainability Committee. The chair of each group will call their meeting to order. As this is a 100% virtual meeting, committee members must announce their names via roll call for the record. Meeting Recording –Medway Cable is recording this meeting which will be available on Livestream on Thursday. Context, how did we arrive at this point? Contract with Arup –Scope of Services Purpose of tonight’s meeting Ground Rules for engagement Arup Presentation Questions and Answers BESS Best Practices –Context Able Grid,an energy storage system developer and builder,is interested in constructing a battery energy storage system in Medway and approached the Town about amending its Zoning Bylaw to expand the Town’s existing Energy Resource District (in and around the Exelon and Eversource facilities)to allow for such BESS use. May 2021 Town Meeting voted to direct the PEDB to conduct a review and study of battery energy storage systems (BESS) and to engage the services of consultants and other experts to provide information on all aspects of the operations, safety, security and technology of such systems, including the economic impact of a BESS facility if located in the Town of Medway, and to provide a report of the Board’s findings and recommendations, to include but not be limited to, consideration of potential amendments to the Medway Zoning Bylaw. In November,after conducting an RFP process,the Town contracted with Arup,a multi-disciplinary firm of engineers,designers,planners, consultants and technical energy specialists to serve as the Town’s primary BESS consultant for technical energy consulting services. www.arup.com Arup’s Scope of Work -4 key elements Research and prepare a Best Practices report Research and prepare a zoning considerations report to identify key technical language to include in zoning bylaw amendments. Prepare a memorandum of siting considerations for BESS facilities. Prepare a review memorandum of Able Grid’s BESS proposal at such time it is submitted. BESS Best Practices –Context Purpose of Tonight’s Meeting To present and discuss the first component of Arup’s work for the Town. Arup has prepared a BESS Best Practices report. It is posted at the PEDB’s web page. The link to the report is provided in the CHAT box. The scope of this meeting is the Arup Best Practices report. This is the opportunity to learn some basics about battery energy storage systems. Arup will provide an overview of the report. The primary presenters are: Geoff Gunn, P.E. Associate Principal, Energy Lead Victoria Grimes, P.E. Fire, Life Safety, and Process Safety Consultant Attendees may ask questions and offer comments about the Arup BESS Best Practices report. Other Arup staff are also available to answer questions. Tonight’s meeting will not get into particulars of zoning Able Grid’s project, or any specific site. Ground Rules We would like to know who is present at tonight’s meeting. Please go to the Zoom Participant List, find your name or identifier and indicate if you are a resident, business, or property owner and include any applicable organizational affiliation. Attendees will be muted. Arup consultants will deliver their presentation. During the presentation, please post any questions or comments in the Zoom CHAT feature. At the conclusion of the presentation, Town staff will facilitate answering the CHAT questions & comments. We will then open the session to additional comments. Please use the raise hand symbol and you will be called on. Conclude by 8:30 pm Next Steps The Best Practices report will be revised based on tonight’s discussion and will be reposted to the Board’s web page. Arup will work next on a report on important considerations to include in any zoning bylaw amendments to address battery energy storage systems. A Zoom meeting on that report is planned for March 17, 2022. Stay tuned for details. Town of Medway BESS Research and Test Practices Summary Presentation Arup February 16, 2022 Arup Team Geoff Gunn, P.E. Associate Principal | Energy Lead Jonathan Eisenberg, P.E. Associate Principal | Science Lead Victoria Grimes, P.E. Fire and Hazards Consultant Hassan Hamdan Associate Principal Mike Lepisto, P.E. Associate Justin Roy, P.E. Senior Engineer Scope of Project Technical BESS report summarizing best practices and technical information about the energy storage industry. Memorandum summarizing general siting considerations for BESS facilities. Memorandum summarizing technical components of BESS for consideration as the Town of Medway reviews existing and proposed Energy Resource zoning bylaws. Second PEDB meeting. Technical review of Able Grid BESS project submission package to the EFSB. T2 T4T3 T5 Technical Summary of BESS Technical Siting Considerations for BESS Technical Considerations for BESS Zoning Review of Able Grid EFSB Submission Agenda •Battery Terminology Overview •BESS Economics •Benchmarking BESS Sites •BESS Technical Overview •Regulations and Available Guidance •Component Selection, Testing, and Listings •Siting Considerations •Fire Remediation Actions and Response Battery Terminology Overview Cell Module Array / Unit The basic electrochemical unit, characterized by an anode and a cathode, used to receive, store, and deliver electrical energy. A battery cell, including any exterior casing. A physical grouping of batteries. Sometimes referred to as a “cluster”. The capacity of batteries in an array is considered on a cumulative basis. Battery Energy Storage System A type of Energy Storage System consisting of an array of batteries intended to provide electrical power during outages and supplement available resources during times of high demand. Battery Terminology Overview BESS Technology Overview BESS Technology Overview BESS Economics Tax savings Incentives On-bill savings •Tax savings for entities with a tax appetite.Savings are maximized when coupled to on-site PV •MA Clean Peak Standard •Connected Solutions and Daily Dispatch •MA SMART when paired with on-site PV •Demand charge reduction •Energy arbitrage through TOU •ICap savings Utility programs •Ancillary services/grid stability •Operating reserves •Reduction of grid congestion •Ramp rate control •Energy arbitrage •Capacity firming •Peak shaving Available BESS Revenue Streams for Developer / Owner BESS Economics Li-ion battery storage system Foundations Electrical balance of plant •Li-ion racks •Containers (or buildings) •Warranty and guarantee •Power conversion system (PCS) •Control system •Commissioning •Pad mounted transformers •Container pads •Transformer pads •Substation foundation •Underground cables •Grounding •Pull wire •BESS controls system •Project substation and step-up transformers Site works •Site preparation •Site management during construction BESS Representative Capital Cost BESS Economics Owner’s development costs Grid interconnection Testing and energization •Land acquisition •Permitting •Financing •Engineering / procurement •Insurance •Cost for utility interconnection equipment and utility-side upgrades •Equipment testing •Wiring testing •Control and Protection Testing Operations and maintenance •Remote monitoring •Remote dispatch/dispatch control •On-site maintenance and inspections BESS Representative Capital Cost BESS Benchmarking •BESS facilities come in a wide range of sizes •Serve a wide range of purposes •Typically measured in electrical capacity (MW, or MWh) BESS Application Approximate Anticipated Capacity Ranges Approximate # of Houses Powered Investor-owned public utility 5-500 MW / 10-1,200 MWh ~330 –40,000 Municipality-owned public utility 5-50 MW / 10-100 MWh ~330 –3,300 Private landowner 0.25-2 MW / 0.5-8 MWh ~17 –270 Private residential 0.002-0.005 MW / 0.005-0.015 MWh ~ 0.2 –0.5 BESS Benchmarking Medway BESS Cranberry Point Minuteman Battery Energy Storage System Moss Landing Location Medway, MA Carver, MA North Reading, MA Montgomery County, CA Size 250 MW / 500 MWh 150 MW / 300 MWh 5 MW / 10 MWh 400 MW / 1,600 MWh Status Design / Permitting Design / Permitting Operational – Jun. 2019 Operational –Dec. 2020 BESS Benchmarking Pre-Construction: 255,500 MW (1051 projects) Under Construction: 5,000 MW (23 projects) Operating: 3,500 MW (20 projects)BESS ≥ 100 MW BESS Benchmarking BESS ≥ 100 MW Listings •Listings tells you that a product or system is design and tested to a baseline standard •Codes tell you how to install the system or product within a facility Listings Examples of Listed Products •Listed. –A product included in a list by a published organization concerned with evaluation of products or services, whose listing states that either the product meets appropriate designated standards or has been tested and found suitable for a specified purpose. •Examples of “listed” products Listings Terminology •Nationally Recognized Testing Agency (NRTL): Private testing agencies that are certified to test against specific standards. Intertek Electrical Testing Labs (ETL)United Laboratories (UL)FM Global Listings UL 9540 and UL 9540A UL 9540: Applicable listing for BESS systems UL 9540A: Applicable testing standard for BESS systems above a certain size. UL 9540A test results provide AHJs and designers with the tools and information to evaluate BESS performance during fire events and inform design decisions such as: •Location & separation distances •Array / unit capacities •Fire suppression systems •And more Listings Massachusetts BESS Listings What listings and testing criteria can AHJs expect for lithium-ion BESS projects in Massachusetts? UL 9540A fire testing was added to the UL 9540 listing requirements in April 2021 for BESS exceeding the above thresholds. Li-ion Listed Pre-Engineered BESS System Capacity Expected Listings Individual Array Capacity less than or equal to 50 kWh UL 9540 listed Overall BESS Capacity less than or equal to 600 kWh UL 9540 listed Individual Array Capacity greater than 50 kWh UL 9540 listed + UL 9540A tested Overall BESS Capacity greater than 600 kWh UL 9540 listed + UL 9540A tested Listings UL 9540A Test Methodology •Testing begins at cell level •If fire propagation is not observed, testing does not continue to the next level •If fire propagation is observed, testing continues to the next level Publicly available database sponsored by UL for BESS tested per UL 9540A is available here. Codes •Listings tells you that a product or system is design and tested to a baseline standard •Codes tell you how to install the system or product within a facility Codes NFPA Code Development Process Public input Public comment NFPA technical meeting Standards council action NFPA Committee Member Classifications Manufacturer (M) User (U) Installer / Maintainer (I/M) Labor (L) Applied Research / Testing Laboratory (R/T) Enforcing Authority (E) Insurance (I) Consumer (C) Special Expert (SE) Codes Massachusetts •Massachusetts Comprehensive Fire Safety Code (MFSC) –Local fire department •National Electrical Code (NEC) –Local building department •Additional guidance: NFPA 855 FM DS 5-33 Model Codes [Building, Fire, Electrical] Massachusetts State Codes Town of Medway Codes Codes •Massachusetts Comprehensive Fire Safety Code •NFPA 855, Standard on the Installation of Stationary Energy Storage Systems Siting Considerations Permissible Locations Maximum Stored Energy Separation Distances Where are stationary BESS installations permitted? Based on the intended location, how big can these BESS installations be? Based on the intended location and size of the BESS, what are the applicable separation distances to adjacencies? Environmental Considerations What are additional environmental factors that should be considered during the design and permitting of a BESS facility? Siting Considerations Permissible Locations Maximum Stored Energy Separation Distances Where are stationary BESS installations permitted? Based on the intended location, how big can these BESS installations be? Based on the intended location and size of the BESS, what are the applicable separation distances to adjacencies? Environmental Considerations What are additional environmental factors that should be considered during the design and permitting of a BESS facility? Life Safety Siting Considerations Permissible Locations Life Safety Exposures: •Buildings •Lot lines that can be built upon •Public roads •Stored combustible materials (e.g.ancillary outdoor storage or trash collection) •Other exposure hazards not associated with electrical grid infrastructure Outdoor Remote Locations Locations Near Exposures Indoor Dedicated-Use Buildings Non-Dedicated- Use Buildings Elevated Locations Rooftops Open Parking Garages Life Safety Siting Considerations Permissible Locations MFSC regulated BESS locations: Location Permitted in Massachusetts? Outdoor Installations Yes Indoor Installations Yes, where either of the following conditions apply: •In a dedicated room designated as a high-hazard (Group H) occupancy meeting the robust design requirements of the building and fire code •In a dedicated room separated by either 1-hour or 2-hour fire barriers, depending on the relative hazard of the building occupancy Rooftop Installations Only where the floor level is 75ft or less above lowest level of fire department access. Higher elevations require specific AHJ approval. Below-grade Installations Only where the floor level is 30ft or less below lowest level of fire department access Life Safety Siting Considerations Stored Energy Thresholds 1.Capacity of Individual Array -> 50 kWh 2.Overall Capacity -> 600 kWh for common battery chemistries (e.g.Li-ion, Flow, Sodium) MFSC requires BESS to carry UL 9540 listing and UL 9540A fire test data For larger utility-scale systems UL 9540 listing and UL 9540A fire test data is required Life Safety Siting Considerations Separation Distances Between battery arrays and…Minimum Required Clearance –MFSC Minimum Required Clearance –NFPA 855 Buildings 5 feet 10 feet Property lines 5 feet 10 feet Public roads 5 feet 10 feet Stored combustible materials (e.g.ancillary outdoor storage, trash collection areas)5 feet 10 feet Other exposure hazards not associated with electrical grid infrastructure 5 feet 10 feet Means of egress 10 feet 10 feet Other arrays (where arrays > 50 kWh) *3 feet 3 feet BESS container walls *Combustible walls –3 feet Noncombustible walls –0 feet 3 feet * Unless UL 9450A supports reduced separation between arrays and between arrays and container walls Fire Remediation Actions and Response 1.Pre-Incident Planning 2.Emergency Response Plan 3.Training Fire Remediation Actions and Response Pre-Incident / Emergency Planning •Primary hazards associated with BESS (thermal runaway, electrical fires) •Battery Management System (BMS) response and reporting capabilities •Site safety systems including thermal runaway management systems, fire suppression, and fire detection •Shutdown procedures for the BESS system specific to the battery technology; location of manual electrical disconnects •Manual fire-fighting response for the specific battery technology •Damaged BESS component removal procedures •Access routes •Manual smoke ventilation •Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for battery cells; chemical composition; recommended fire suppression agents; reactivity of battery cell with various materials Thank you! Questions?